Dengue is a disease that causes severe, painful symptoms. Severe cases may require hospitalization and IV fluids. It is hazardous to pregnant women, infants, and older adults. It is also more dangerous for people with specific diseases and blood disorders. Precautions for preventing dengue infection include bug sprays and insect repellents containing DEET or picaridin.
Severe dengue
To manage the symptoms of severe dengue, patients should drink plenty of fluids and consult a physician with experience in treating dengue infection. In some cases, a visit to an infectious disease specialist is necessary, as most physicians lack sufficient training in diagnosing and treating dengue infections. Additionally, patients should consult the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC) hotline to receive help. Severe dengue can also be prevented by taking personal prophylactic measures, such as using bed nets or insecticide-treated window curtains and wearing full-sleeved shirts and pants.
Severe dengue symptoms usually begin between twenty-four and forty-eight hours after the onset of the fever. However, if the fever persists, patients should seek immediate medical attention. In severe cases, the blood pressure and hematocrit can increase to dangerous levels, leading to shock and organ impairment.
Transmission
The Aedes aegypti mosquito transmits the dengue virus naturally. This mosquito species is found in urban areas, and the transmission vector for the disease is vertical. The Aedes aegypti transmits the dengue virus in cities like Chennai and Tamil Nadu.
The natural vertical transmission of dengue is also observed in several endemic African countries. These findings highlight the importance of conducting epidemiological studies in these regions. The findings suggest that natural vertical transmission is one of the mechanisms for the establishment of endemicity. The observation of natural vertical transmission in endemic areas may be due to the recent introduction of the virus to these regions.
As the dengue virus spreads globally, the risk of outbreaks is increasing. The European region is one area where dengue is a potential threat. Local dengue transmission was observed in France and Croatia in 2010, and imported cases were detected in 3 other European countries. An outbreak of dengue on the Portuguese island of Madeira in 2012 resulted in more than 2000 cases. In addition to the major European countries, autochthonous dengue cases were reported in 10 other countries.
Symptoms
If you have dengue symptoms, you should visit your doctor as soon as possible. It would help if you also took plenty of fluids and rest. If your symptoms are severe, you should be taken to the hospital for further care. In mild cases, you can treat dengue symptoms at home. Treatments may include acetaminophen to reduce fever and aches and non-aspirin anti-inflammatory drugs (NSAIDs).
The bite of infected mosquitoes spreads dengue. While it does not spread directly from person to person, infected mosquitoes can infect other people for eight to 12 days. Therefore, the best way to prevent the disease is to avoid mosquito bites in dengue-prone areas. Using insect repellent and wearing light-colored clothing is also helpful. You can also use mosquito netting to protect yourself from mosquitoes.
Prevention
Prevention of dengue is a critical component of a healthy lifestyle. It involves minimizing exposure to mosquitoes and wearing full-sleeved shirts to keep mosquitoes at bay. It also involves avoiding stagnant water, such as flower pots and vases. It would help if yIn addition, you used a repellent that contains DEET, dimethyl phthalate, picaridin, or p-methane-3,8-diol. Using repellents can help protect you from dengue and other mosquitoes.
It is essential to recognize the symptoms of the disease so that you can take preventive measures. Although this disease is usually mild, severe dengue is potentially fatal. It causes serious bleeding, organ damage, and blood plasma leakage, and the disease is associated with a high risk of death. Severe dengue was first recognized in the 1950s in Thailand and the Philippines and is currently found in most Asian and Latin American countries. In Latin America, it is one of the leading causes of hospitalization and death.
Diagnosis
Diagnosis of dengue virus infection requires sensitive laboratory diagnostic tools because the virus has a broad spectrum of symptoms. Many of these symptoms are non-specific, so diagnosis based on clinical manifestations is unlikely to be reliable. Nevertheless, early diagnosis of dengue infection is essential because it can prevent a potentially fatal disease and improve the quality of life for patients.
There are several methods for diagnosing dengue, each with advantages and disadvantages. However, one of the most important and widely used methods is serology. It is susceptible and can detect NS1 and IgG antibodies. The method can also distinguish between primary and secondary infections of dengue.
